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Что (кто) такое absorbed expenses - определение
DOSE QUANTITY WHICH IS THE MEASURE OF THE ENERGY DEPOSITED IN MATTER BY IONIZING RADIATION PER MASS
Radiation Absorbed Dose; Radiation doses; Dose, absorbed; Total Ionizing Dose; Absorbed dose rate; Absorbed radiation dose; Radiation-absorbed dose; Dose (radiation)
![Using early [[Crookes tube]] X-Ray apparatus in 1896. One man is viewing his hand with a [[fluoroscope]] to optimise tube emissions, the other has his head close to the tube. No precautions are being taken.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Crookes tube xray experiment.jpg?width=200 "Using early [[Crookes tube]] X-Ray apparatus in 1896. One man is viewing his hand with a [[fluoroscope]] to optimise tube emissions, the other has his head close to the tube. No precautions are being taken.")
.1.ajb.jpg?width=200 "The Radiology Martyrs monument, erected 1936 at St. Georg hospital in Hamburg, more names added in 1959.")
![Graphic showing relationship of "protection dose" quantities in [[SI]] units](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SI Radiation dose units.png?width=200 "Graphic showing relationship of \"protection dose\" quantities in [[SI]] units")
Absorbed dose
Absorbed dose is a dose quantity which is the measure of the energy deposited in matter by ionizing radiation per unit mass. Absorbed dose is used in the calculation of dose uptake in living tissue in both radiation protection (reduction of harmful effects), and radiology (potential beneficial effects for example in cancer treatment).
United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal
![[[Heather Brooke]] in May 2012](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Heather Brooke May 12.jpg?width=200 "[[Heather Brooke]] in May 2012")
2009 MAJOR BRITISH POLITICAL SCANDAL
Expenses controversy; Expenses controversies; MPs expenses controversy; MPs' expenses; MPs expenses; MPs' Expenses controversies; MPs' expenses controversy; MPs expenses scandal; MPs' expenses scandal; MPs' expenses controversies; MPs expenses row; MPs' expenses row; MP's expenses row; Expenses row; British Parliamentary expenses row; British Parliamentary expenses controversy; Westminster expenses scandal; British Parliamentary expenses scandal; British MPs expenses scandal; 2009 British Parliamentary expenses controversy; 2009 British Parliamentary expenses scandal; 2009 MPs expenses scandal; John Wick (whistleblower); UK parliamentary expenses scandal; Disclosure of expenses of British Members of Parliament; United Kingdom Parliamentary Expenses Scandal; Expenses of Members of the United Kingdom Parliament scandal; 2009 United Kingdom parliamentary crisis; Disclosure of expenses of Members of the United Kingdom Parliament; MP expenses row; MP expenses scandal; UK expenses scandal; 2009 United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal; The United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal; The Rotten Parliament; Rotten Parliament; Parliamentary expenses; United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal; British Parliament expenses scandal; 2009 expenses scandal; Expenses scandal (UK); British parliamentary expenses scandal
The United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal was a major political scandal that emerged in 2009, concerning expenses claims made by members of the British Parliament in both the House of Commons and the House of Lords over the previous years. The disclosure of widespread misuse of allowances and expenses permitted to Members of Parliament (MPs) aroused widespread anger among the UK public and resulted in a large number of resignations, sackings, de-selections and retirement announcements together with public apologies and the repayment of expenses.
John O'Donoghue expenses scandal
John O'Donoghue expenses controversy
The John O'Donoghue expenses scandal saw former Ceann Comhairle John O'Donoghue pursued by various allegations over his expenses claims in Ireland's Sunday newspapers over several months in 2009. He spent €250,000 in his time as Ceann Comhairle and €550,000 in his time as Minister for Arts, Sport and Tourism.
Википедия
Absorbed dose
Absorbed dose is a dose quantity which is the measure of the energy deposited in matter by ionizing radiation per unit mass. Absorbed dose is used in the calculation of dose uptake in living tissue in both radiation protection (reduction of harmful effects), and radiology (potential beneficial effects for example in cancer treatment). It is also used to directly compare the effect of radiation on inanimate matter such as in radiation hardening.
The SI unit of measure is the gray (Gy), which is defined as one Joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of matter. The older, non-SI CGS unit rad, is sometimes also used, predominantly in the USA.
